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71.
A lot of importance has been attached to the testing phase of the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC). It is during this phase it is checked whether the software product meets user requirements or not. Any discrepancies that are identified are removed. But testing needs to be monitored to increase its effectiveness. Software Reliability Growth Models (SRGMs) that specify mathematical relationships between the failure phenomenon and time have proved useful. SRGMs that include factors that affect failure process are more realistic and useful. Software fault detection and removal during the testing phase of SDLC depend on how testing resources (test cases, manpower and time) are used and also on previously identified faults. With this motivation a Non-Homogeneous Poisson Process (NHPP) based SRGM is proposed in this paper which is flexible enough to describe various software failure/reliability curves. Both testing efforts and time dependent fault detection rate (FDR) are considered for software reliability modeling. The time lag between fault identification and removal has also been depicted. The applicability of our model is shown by validating it on software failure data sets obtained from different real software development projects. The comparisons with established models in terms of goodness of fit, the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), Mean of Squared Errors (MSE), etc. have been presented. 相似文献
72.
Danne Ashruba B. Choudhari Amit S. Sarkar Dhiman Sangshetti Jaiprakash N. Khedkar Vijay M. Shingate Bapurao B. 《Research on Chemical Intermediates》2018,44(10):6283-6310
Research on Chemical Intermediates - The synthesis of a new series of triazole-biscoumarin conjugates by using a molecular hybridization approach is described. The newly synthesized compounds... 相似文献
73.
Amit Deshpande Rahul Jain T. Kavitha Satyanarayana V. Lokam Jaikumar Radhakrishnan 《Random Structures and Algorithms》2005,27(3):358-378
An error‐correcting code is said to be locally decodable if a randomized algorithm can recover any single bit of a message by reading only a small number of symbols of a possibly corrupted encoding of the message. Katz and Trevisan 12 showed that any such code C : {0, 1}n → Σm with a decoding algorithm that makes at most q probes must satisfy m = Ω((n/log |Σ|)q/(q?1)). They assumed that the decoding algorithm is non‐adaptive, and left open the question of proving similar bounds for adaptive decoders. We show m = Ω((n/log |Σ|)q/(q?1)) without assuming that the decoder is nonadaptive. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Random Struct. Alg., 2005 相似文献
74.
Bhim Bali Prasad Khushaboo Tiwari Meenakshi Singh Piyush S. Sharma Amit K. Patel Shrinkhala Srivastava 《Chromatographia》2009,69(9-10):949-957
A combination approach in solid-phase microextraction, based on a molecularly imprinted polymer-brush coating on an optical fiber coupled with a complementary molecularly imprinted polymer sensor, has been adopted for isolation, preconcentration, and analysis of dopamine at ultratrace levels in highly dilute aqueous samples. This combination enabled enhanced (up to 8.5-fold) preconcentration of the analyte, which is appropriate for achieving a stringent detection limit in clinical diagnosis of several neurodegenerative diseases. The detection limit of dopamine in biological samples was 0.018 ng mL?1 with a relative standard deviation less than 2.1% and without any non-specific contributions. 相似文献
75.
Lalit Giri Arun Kumar Jugran Amit Bahukhandi Praveen Dhyani Indra D. Bhatt Ranbeer Singh Rawal Shyamal Kumar Nandi Uppeandra Dhar 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》2017,181(1):267-282
Habenaria edgeworthii Hook. f. ex Collett is an important terrestrial orchid used in different Ayurvedic formulations. In the present study, variations among morphological, phytochemical and molecular markers were assessed. A significant difference was observed among populations using morphological traits. Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) data revealed lower genetic diversity at population level (He = 0.207) as compared to species level (He = 0.334). Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicates 74 % variation among populations and 26 % within population. Tuber extracts showed significantly (p < 0.05) higher total phenolics and flavonoids among the populations. Antioxidant activity determined by 2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays exhibited considerable antioxidant potential. Furthermore, the associations between molecular and morphological and phytochemical attributes were studied using multiple regression analysis (MRA). Several ISSR fragments were associated with some morphological and phytochemical traits. These ISSR fragments can be useful for breeding programme of the species when no other genetic information, such as linkage maps and quantitative trait loci, is available. 相似文献
76.
Chen Z Concepcion JJ Luo H Hull JF Paul A Meyer TJ 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》2010,132(50):17670-17673
The complex [Ru(Mebimpy)(bpy)(OH(2))](2+) [Mebimpy = 2,6-bis(1-methylbenzimidazol-2-yl)pyridine; bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine] and its 4,4'-(PO(3)H(2)CH(2))(2)bpy derivative on oxide electrodes are water oxidation catalysts in propylene carbonate and 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (TFE) to which water has been added as a limiting reagent. The rate of water oxidation is greatly enhanced relative to that with water as the solvent and occurs by a pathway that is first-order in H(2)O; an additional pathway that is first-order in acetate appears when TFE is used as the solvent. 相似文献
77.
Amit Katiyar Stephen W. Thiel Vadim V. GuliantsNeville G. Pinto 《Journal of chromatography. A》2010,1217(10):1583-1588
The adsorption of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and lysozyme (LYS) on siliceous SBA-15 with 24 nm pores was studied using flow microcalorimetry; this is the first attempt to understand the thermodynamics of protein adsorption on SBA-15 using flow microcalorimetry. The adsorption mechanism is a strong function of protein structure. Exothermic events were observed when protein–surface interactions were attractive. Entropy-driven endothermic events were also observed in some cases, resulting from lateral protein–protein interactions and conformational changes in the adsorbed protein. The magnitudes of the enthalpies of adsorption for primary protein–surface interactions decrease with increased surface coverage, indicating the possibility of increased repulsion between adsorbed protein molecules. Secondary exothermic events were observed for BSA adsorption, presumably due to secondary adsorption made possible by conformational changes in the soft BSA protein. These secondary adsorption events were not observed for lysozyme, which is structurally robust. The results of this study emphasize the influence of solution conditions and protein structure on conformational changes of the adsorbed protein and the value of calorimetry in understanding protein–surface interactions. 相似文献
78.
Patwa AN Gonnade RG Kumar VA Bhadbhade MM Ganesh KN 《The Journal of organic chemistry》2010,75(24):8705-8708
X-ray crystallographic studies of methylene linked Ferrocene-bis(thymine/uracil) conjugates Fc(T:T)(M) and Fc(U:U)(M) reveal base dependent 2-D supramolecular assemblies generated via wobble self-pairing for bis-thymine and reverse wobble self-pairing for bis-uracil conjugates, differing in architecture from the corresponding butylene spacer linked conjugates. 相似文献
79.
Joanna Luszczyn Marta E. Plonska‐Brzezinska Dr. Amit Palkar Dr. Alina T. Dubis Dr. Agneta Simionescu Dr. Dan T. Simionescu Dr. Beata Kalska‐Szostko Dr. Krzysztof Winkler Prof. Dr. Luis Echegoyen Prof. Dr. 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2010,16(16):4870-4880
Small carbon nano‐onions (CNOs, 6–8 shells) were prepared in high yield and functionalized with carboxylic groups by chemical oxidation. After functionalization these nanostructures were soluble in aqueous solutions. 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐5‐(3‐carboxymethoxyphenyl)‐2‐(4‐sulfophenyl)‐2 tetrazolium (MTS) tests showed excellent cytocompatibility of all CNOs analyzed at 30 and 300 μg mL?1, so these carbon nanostructures can be safely used for biological applications. The first covalent functionalization of oxidized CNOs (ox‐CNOs) with biomolecules, by using biotin–avidin interactions is reported here. Multilayers were prepared on a gold surface by layer‐by‐layer assembly and the process was monitored by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Covalent binding of molecules to the short amine‐terminated organosulfur monolayers was assessed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy using total attenuated reflactance mode (FT‐IR/HATR). 相似文献
80.
To the best of our knowledge till now there is no method in the literature to find the exact fuzzy optimal solution of unbalanced
fully fuzzy transportation problems. In this paper, the shortcomings and limitations of some of the existing methods for solving
the problems are pointed out and to overcome these shortcomings and limitations, two new methods are proposed to find the
exact fuzzy optimal solution of unbalanced fuzzy transportation problems by representing all the parameters as LR flat fuzzy numbers. To show the advantages of the proposed methods over existing methods, a fully fuzzy transportation problem
which may not be solved by using any of the existing methods, is solved by using the proposed methods and by comparing the
results, obtained by using the existing methods and proposed methods. It is shown that it is better to use proposed methods
as compared to existing methods. 相似文献